This is very irritating when suddenly power goes down of your PC's
while working. There can be any type of conflicts in the computer
internally or externally.
1. Power supply problems / UPS conflict
- UPS of the one’s PC runs effectively for one year. After that, It generally goes down and isn’t able to supply the power when main power supply goes down. This problem of the UPS can affect your system performance and hardware too.
- If your PC is connected to the main power supply directly this can affect too, when suddenly power goes off. Suddenly power down, your PC will immediately shut down and all unsaved files will be lost.
2. Printers/USB
- The transferring of the file from the external devices like USB can hang up your system due to incorrect interrupt call from DMA to CPU or any error in the file stored in the USB.
- The action of sending a document to print creates a bigger file, often called a postscript file.
- Printers have only a small amount of memory, called a buffer. This can be easily overloaded. Printing a document also uses a considerable amount of CPU power. This will also slow down the computer's performance.
- If the printer is trying to print unusual characters, these might not be recognised, and can crash the computer. Sometimes printers will not recover from a crash because of confusion in the buffer. A good way to clear the buffer is to unplug the printer for ten seconds. Booting up from a powerless state, also called a cold boot, will restore the printer's default settings and you may be able to carry on.
3. BIOS settings
- Every motherboard is supplied with a range of chipset settings that are decided in the factory. A common way to access these settings is to press the F2 or delete button during the first few seconds of a boot-up.
- Once inside the BIOS, great care should be taken. It is a good idea to write down on a piece of paper all the settings that appear on the screen. That way, if you change something and the computer becomes more unstable, you will know what settings to revert to.
- A common BIOS error concerns the CAS latency. This refers to the Ram. Older EDO (extended data out) Ram has a CAS latency of 3. Newer SDRam has a CAS latency of 2. Setting the wrong figure can cause the Ram to lock up and freeze the computer's display.
- Mcft Windows is better at allocating IRQ numbers than any BIOS. If possible set the IRQ numbers to Auto in the BIOS. This will allow Windows to allocate the IRQ numbers (make sure the BIOS setting for Plug and Play OS is switched to 'yes' to allow Windows to do this.).
4. Software
- A common cause of computer crash is faulty or badly-installed software. Often the problem can be cured by uninstalling the software and then reinstalling it. Use Norton Uninstall or Uninstall Shield to remove an application from your system properly. This will also remove references to the programme in the System Registry and leaves the way clear for a completely fresh copy.
- The System Registry can be corrupted by old references to obsolete software that you thought was uninstalled. Use Reg Cleaner by Jouni Vuorio to clean up the System Registry and remove obsolete entries. It works on Windows 95, Windows 98, Windows 98 SE (Second Edition), Windows Millennium Edition (ME), NT4 and Windows 2000.
- Read the instructions and use it carefully so you don't do permanent damage to the Registry. If the Registry is damaged you will have to reinstall your operating system. Reg Cleaner can be obtained from www.jv16.org
- Often a Windows problem can be resolved by entering Safe Mode. This can be done during start-up. When you see the message "Starting Windows" press F4. This should take you into Safe Mode.
- Safe Mode loads a minimum of drivers. It allows you to find and fix problems that prevent Windows from loading properly.
- Sometimes installing Windows is difficult because of unsuitable BIOS settings. If you keep getting SUWIN error messages (Windows setup) during the Windows installation, then try entering the BIOS and disabling the CPU internal cache. Try to disable the Level 2 (L2) cache if that doesn't work.
- Remember to restore all the BIOS settings back to their former settings following installation.
5. Damage Ram
- Ram (random-access memory) problems might bring on the blue screen of death with a message
6. Monitor conflict
- Sometimes screen of the monitor gets damaged due to internal problem in the monitor or due to the hardware problem.
- Due to the moisture in the air, the screen of the can be affected badly and can't allow to work properly.
7. Overheating
- Overheating can burn your embedded devices like motherboard or can damage hard disk too.
- Central processing units (CPUs) are usually equipped with fans to keep them cool. If the fan fails or if the CPU gets old it may start to overheat and generate a particular kind of error called a kernel error. This is a common problem in chips that have been overclocked to operate at higher speeds than they are supposed to.
- One remedy is to get a bigger better fan and install it on top of the CPU. Specialist cooling fans/heatsinks are available from www.computernerd.com or www.coolit.com
- CPU problems can often be fixed by disabling the CPU internal cache in the BIOS. This will make the machine run more slowly, but it should also be more stable.
8. Hard disk drives
- After a few weeks, the information on a hard disk drive starts to become piecemeal or fragmented. It is a good idea to defragment the hard disk every week or so, to prevent the disk from causing a screen freeze. Go to * Start-Programs-Accessories-System Tools-Disk De-fragmenter
- This will start the procedure. You will be unable to write data to the hard drive (to save it) while the disk is defragmenting, so it is a good idea to schedule the procedure for a period of inactivity using the Task Scheduler.
- The Task Scheduler should be one of the small icons on the bottom right of the Windows opening page (the desktop).
- Some lockups and screen freezes caused by hard disk problems can be solved by reducing the read-ahead optimisation. This can be adjusted by going to
* Start-Settings-Control Panel-System Icon-Performance-File System-Hard Disk.
- Hard disks will slow down and crash if they are too full. Do some housekeeping on your hard drive every few months and free some space on it. Open the Windows folder on the C drive and find the Temporary Internet Files folder. Deleting the contents (not the folder) can free a lot of space.
- Empty the Recycle Bin every week to free more space. Hard disk drives should be scanned every week for errors or bad sectors. Go to
* Start-Programs-Accessories-System Tools-ScanDisk
- Otherwise assign the Task Scheduler to perform this operation at night when the computer is not in use.
9. Hardware conflict
- The number one reason why Windows crashes is hardware conflict. Each hardware device communicates to other devices through an interrupt request channel (IRQ). These are supposed to be unique for each device.
- If there are a lot of devices, or if they are not installed properly, two of them may end up sharing the same IRQ number. When the user tries to use both devices at the same time, a crash can happen. The way to check if your computer has a hardware conflict is through the following route:
* Start-Settings-Control Panel-System-Device Manager.
- Often if a device has a problem a yellow '!' appears next to its description in the Device Manager. Highlight Computer (in the Device Manager) and press Properties to see the IRQ numbers used by your computer. If the IRQ number appears twice, two devices may be using it.
- Sometimes a device might share an IRQ with something described as 'IRQ holder for PCI steering'. This can be ignored. The best way to fix this problem is to remove the problem device and reinstall it.
- Sometimes you may have to find more recent drivers on the internet to make the device function properly. A good resource is www.driverguide.com. If the device is a soundcard, or a modem, it can often be fixed by moving it to a different slot on the motherboard (be careful about opening your computer, as you may void the warranty).
- When working inside a computer you should switch it off, unplug the mains lead and touch an unpainted metal surface to discharge any static electricity.
10. Viruses
- Generally viruses come from internet or infected file transfer from other devices. Some viruses erase the boot sector of a hard drive, making it impossible to start.
- This is why it is a good idea to create a Windows start-up disk. Go to * Start-Settings-Control Panel-Add/Remove Programs
- look for the Start Up Disk tab. Virus protection requires constant vigilance.
11. Motherboard Conflicts
- Sometimes even the CPU fan is not able to cool down the heating of the motherboard and other processing devices which slowly heat up your CPU.
- Due to surrounding high temperature, the motherboard also gets affected. So, keep the PC under normal or lower temperature and away from the devices which are producing near it.
- Conflict in the any small electronic device embedded on the motherboard can affect your whole motherboard and the whole system too.
- Conflict in the motherboard or any embedded devices, can interrupt your working. PC will shut down automatically after running for a short period.
- Dust collected on the motheboard or any internal devices can also affect your system.
1. Power supply problems / UPS conflict
- UPS of the one’s PC runs effectively for one year. After that, It generally goes down and isn’t able to supply the power when main power supply goes down. This problem of the UPS can affect your system performance and hardware too.
- If your PC is connected to the main power supply directly this can affect too, when suddenly power goes off. Suddenly power down, your PC will immediately shut down and all unsaved files will be lost.
2. Printers/USB
- The transferring of the file from the external devices like USB can hang up your system due to incorrect interrupt call from DMA to CPU or any error in the file stored in the USB.
- The action of sending a document to print creates a bigger file, often called a postscript file.
- Printers have only a small amount of memory, called a buffer. This can be easily overloaded. Printing a document also uses a considerable amount of CPU power. This will also slow down the computer's performance.
- If the printer is trying to print unusual characters, these might not be recognised, and can crash the computer. Sometimes printers will not recover from a crash because of confusion in the buffer. A good way to clear the buffer is to unplug the printer for ten seconds. Booting up from a powerless state, also called a cold boot, will restore the printer's default settings and you may be able to carry on.
3. BIOS settings
- Every motherboard is supplied with a range of chipset settings that are decided in the factory. A common way to access these settings is to press the F2 or delete button during the first few seconds of a boot-up.
- Once inside the BIOS, great care should be taken. It is a good idea to write down on a piece of paper all the settings that appear on the screen. That way, if you change something and the computer becomes more unstable, you will know what settings to revert to.
- A common BIOS error concerns the CAS latency. This refers to the Ram. Older EDO (extended data out) Ram has a CAS latency of 3. Newer SDRam has a CAS latency of 2. Setting the wrong figure can cause the Ram to lock up and freeze the computer's display.
- Mcft Windows is better at allocating IRQ numbers than any BIOS. If possible set the IRQ numbers to Auto in the BIOS. This will allow Windows to allocate the IRQ numbers (make sure the BIOS setting for Plug and Play OS is switched to 'yes' to allow Windows to do this.).
4. Software
- A common cause of computer crash is faulty or badly-installed software. Often the problem can be cured by uninstalling the software and then reinstalling it. Use Norton Uninstall or Uninstall Shield to remove an application from your system properly. This will also remove references to the programme in the System Registry and leaves the way clear for a completely fresh copy.
- The System Registry can be corrupted by old references to obsolete software that you thought was uninstalled. Use Reg Cleaner by Jouni Vuorio to clean up the System Registry and remove obsolete entries. It works on Windows 95, Windows 98, Windows 98 SE (Second Edition), Windows Millennium Edition (ME), NT4 and Windows 2000.
- Read the instructions and use it carefully so you don't do permanent damage to the Registry. If the Registry is damaged you will have to reinstall your operating system. Reg Cleaner can be obtained from www.jv16.org
- Often a Windows problem can be resolved by entering Safe Mode. This can be done during start-up. When you see the message "Starting Windows" press F4. This should take you into Safe Mode.
- Safe Mode loads a minimum of drivers. It allows you to find and fix problems that prevent Windows from loading properly.
- Sometimes installing Windows is difficult because of unsuitable BIOS settings. If you keep getting SUWIN error messages (Windows setup) during the Windows installation, then try entering the BIOS and disabling the CPU internal cache. Try to disable the Level 2 (L2) cache if that doesn't work.
- Remember to restore all the BIOS settings back to their former settings following installation.
5. Damage Ram- Ram (random-access memory) problems might bring on the blue screen of death with a message
saying
Fatal Exception Error. A fatal error indicates a serious hardware
problem. Sometimes it may mean a part is damaged and will need
replacing.
- One way around this problem is to enter the BIOS settings and increase the wait state of the Ram. This can make it more stable. Another way to troubleshoot a suspected Ram problem is to rearrange the Ram chips on the motherboard, or take some of them out. Then try to repeat the circumstances that caused the crash. When handling Ram try not to touch the gold connections, as they can be easily damaged.
- One way around this problem is to enter the BIOS settings and increase the wait state of the Ram. This can make it more stable. Another way to troubleshoot a suspected Ram problem is to rearrange the Ram chips on the motherboard, or take some of them out. Then try to repeat the circumstances that caused the crash. When handling Ram try not to touch the gold connections, as they can be easily damaged.
6. Monitor conflict
- Sometimes screen of the monitor gets damaged due to internal problem in the monitor or due to the hardware problem.
- Due to the moisture in the air, the screen of the can be affected badly and can't allow to work properly.
7. Overheating
- Overheating can burn your embedded devices like motherboard or can damage hard disk too.
- Central processing units (CPUs) are usually equipped with fans to keep them cool. If the fan fails or if the CPU gets old it may start to overheat and generate a particular kind of error called a kernel error. This is a common problem in chips that have been overclocked to operate at higher speeds than they are supposed to.
- One remedy is to get a bigger better fan and install it on top of the CPU. Specialist cooling fans/heatsinks are available from www.computernerd.com or www.coolit.com
- CPU problems can often be fixed by disabling the CPU internal cache in the BIOS. This will make the machine run more slowly, but it should also be more stable.
8. Hard disk drives
- After a few weeks, the information on a hard disk drive starts to become piecemeal or fragmented. It is a good idea to defragment the hard disk every week or so, to prevent the disk from causing a screen freeze. Go to * Start-Programs-Accessories-System Tools-Disk De-fragmenter
- This will start the procedure. You will be unable to write data to the hard drive (to save it) while the disk is defragmenting, so it is a good idea to schedule the procedure for a period of inactivity using the Task Scheduler.
- The Task Scheduler should be one of the small icons on the bottom right of the Windows opening page (the desktop).
- Some lockups and screen freezes caused by hard disk problems can be solved by reducing the read-ahead optimisation. This can be adjusted by going to
* Start-Settings-Control Panel-System Icon-Performance-File System-Hard Disk.
- Hard disks will slow down and crash if they are too full. Do some housekeeping on your hard drive every few months and free some space on it. Open the Windows folder on the C drive and find the Temporary Internet Files folder. Deleting the contents (not the folder) can free a lot of space.
- Empty the Recycle Bin every week to free more space. Hard disk drives should be scanned every week for errors or bad sectors. Go to
* Start-Programs-Accessories-System Tools-ScanDisk
- Otherwise assign the Task Scheduler to perform this operation at night when the computer is not in use.
9. Hardware conflict- The number one reason why Windows crashes is hardware conflict. Each hardware device communicates to other devices through an interrupt request channel (IRQ). These are supposed to be unique for each device.
- If there are a lot of devices, or if they are not installed properly, two of them may end up sharing the same IRQ number. When the user tries to use both devices at the same time, a crash can happen. The way to check if your computer has a hardware conflict is through the following route:
* Start-Settings-Control Panel-System-Device Manager.
- Often if a device has a problem a yellow '!' appears next to its description in the Device Manager. Highlight Computer (in the Device Manager) and press Properties to see the IRQ numbers used by your computer. If the IRQ number appears twice, two devices may be using it.
- Sometimes a device might share an IRQ with something described as 'IRQ holder for PCI steering'. This can be ignored. The best way to fix this problem is to remove the problem device and reinstall it.
- Sometimes you may have to find more recent drivers on the internet to make the device function properly. A good resource is www.driverguide.com. If the device is a soundcard, or a modem, it can often be fixed by moving it to a different slot on the motherboard (be careful about opening your computer, as you may void the warranty).
- When working inside a computer you should switch it off, unplug the mains lead and touch an unpainted metal surface to discharge any static electricity.
10. Viruses
- Generally viruses come from internet or infected file transfer from other devices. Some viruses erase the boot sector of a hard drive, making it impossible to start.
- This is why it is a good idea to create a Windows start-up disk. Go to * Start-Settings-Control Panel-Add/Remove Programs
- look for the Start Up Disk tab. Virus protection requires constant vigilance.
11. Motherboard Conflicts
- Sometimes even the CPU fan is not able to cool down the heating of the motherboard and other processing devices which slowly heat up your CPU.
- Due to surrounding high temperature, the motherboard also gets affected. So, keep the PC under normal or lower temperature and away from the devices which are producing near it.
- Conflict in the any small electronic device embedded on the motherboard can affect your whole motherboard and the whole system too.
- Conflict in the motherboard or any embedded devices, can interrupt your working. PC will shut down automatically after running for a short period.
- Dust collected on the motheboard or any internal devices can also affect your system.
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